A1 Consolidated Gold Limited

Question: Talk about the A1 Consolidated Gold Limited. Answer: Presentation A1 Consolidated Gold Limited was set up in the year 2011. The significant point behind setting up the organization was to gain 100% possession in the A1 gold task. The portions of the organization got recorded in the Australian stock trade in the year 2012. The organization has its administrative center in Victoria, Australia. IT is an Australian based organization which is occupied with the advancement procedure of the AI gold mines in the nation. The organization has indicated enthusiasm for mineral investigation which has been set up 120 kilometers from north east of Melbourne, Victoria, situated among Mansfield and Woods Point. The administration of the organization has effectively acquired permit MIN 5294 for the doing the gold activities in the nation. The market capitalisation of the organization has seen an unexpected destruction in the previous 1-2 years. Audit of Financial situation of the organization The monetary exhibition of an organization is given through the assistance of accounting report. The short and long haul grouping of the liabilities and resources gives better comprehension of the details and aides in giving the separation to non-current and current. The significant heads of accounting report in the event of A1 Consolidated Gold Limited for the multi year finished 2015 and 2014 are as per the following: Specific 2014 2015 Change % Change Current resources Money and money counterparts $ 232,027 $ 2,013,371 $ 1,781,344 768% Receivables $ 40,766 $ 131,455 $ 90,689 222% Inventories $ 102,643 $ 102,643 100% Prepaid costs $ 53,399 $ 164,993 $ 111,594 209% Other current resources $ 1,500 $ 920 $ (580) - 39% Absolute current resources $ 327,692 $ 2,413,382 $ 2,085,690 636% Non-current resources Net property, plant and gear $ 34,270,102 $ 33,118,108 $ (1,151,994) - 3% Gathered Depreciation $ (770,305) $ (2,845,199) $ (2,074,894) 269% Net property, plant and hardware $ 33,499,797 $ 30,272,909 $ (3,226,888) - 10% Other long haul resources $ 123,000 $ 1,006,500 $ 883,500 718% All out non-current resources $ 33,622,797 $ 31,279,409 $ (2,343,388) - 7% Current liabilities Records payable $ 95,331 $ 596,414 $ 501,083 526% Momentary obligation $ 41,155 $ 173,441 $ 132,286 321% Other current liabilities $ 545,369 $ 547,031 $ 1,662 0% All out current liabilities $ 681,855 $ 1,316,886 $ 635,031 93% Non-current liabilities Long haul obligation $ - $ 1,561,220 $ 1,561,220 100% Other long haul liabilities $ - $ 1,050,554 $ 1,050,554 100% All out non-current liabilities $ - $ 2,611,774 $ 2,611,774 100% Investors' value Basic stock $ 35,279,194 $ 42,606,668 $ 7,327,474 21% Held income $ (4,224,242) $ (18,296,142) $ (14,071,900) 333% Aggregated other complete salary $ 2,213,682 $ 5,453,605 $ 3,239,923 146% All out Stockholders' value $ 33,268,634 $ 29,764,131 $ (3,504,503) - 11% The present resources of the organization incorporate records receivable, Cash and money proportional, stock and prepaid costs. Out of the all out current resources, the money and money comparable contributes 85% of the all out current resources. There has been enormous development in the money parity of the organization in the year 2015 when contrasted with the most recent year 2014. The administration of the organization during the year 2015 has given convertible notes in the market. Through this issue the organization has raised $2.4 million. Further during the year, the organization has given extra offers in the market, through which they have raised extra money of $2.5 million during the year. The organization has been fund-raising from issue of offers from recent years. The records receivable parity of the organization expanded significantly in the present year. This expansion is significantly determined by increment in the GST recoverable parity of the organization. There was no stock equalization lying in the books in the year 2014. In any case, in the year 2015, the organization exportation consumables lying in the books which legitimately expanded the stock parity of the organization. The non current resource of the organization incorporates property plant and gear and other long haul resources. There has been no significant change in the gross square of fixed resources for the organization. The change which has occurred during the year is significantly record of devaluation has been charged in the books for the year 2015. The plant and apparatus contributes significantly for the fixed resource segment of the organization. The other long haul resource of the organization incorporates the ecological securities. The ecological bond balance for the organization during the year expanded significantly by 718%. The present obligation of the organization significantly incorporates creditor liabilities and transient obligation. The records payable parity of the organization expanded by 526% during the year. This is significantly by virtue of increment in business for the organization. Audit of Financial execution of the organization The benefit and misfortune account has been utilized broadly as an apparatus to test the monetary exhibition of the organization. They are been alluded as pay proclamation also, as it gives data about the pay booked in by the organization. The equivalent has been utilized significantly by the speculators to test the benefit procuring capability of the organization which they could in basing their choice of putting resources into the supplies of the organization. The significant heads of benefit and misfortune record of A1 Consolidated Gold Limited with numbers for year 2014 and 2015 are given as beneath: Specific 2014 2015 Change % Change Income $ 78,721 $ 24,658 $ (54,063) - 69% Cost of income $ - $ - $ - 0 Expenses and costs Bookkeeping and tax collection administrations $ 56,150 $ 80,340 $ 24,190 43% Examiners compensation $ 35,850 $ 42,500 $ 6,650 19% Organization secretarial expenses $ 78,407 $ 141,578 $ 63,171 81% Consultancy expenses $ 34,672 $ - $ (34,672) - 100% Deterioration Expenses $ 17,526 $ 12,908 $ (4,618) - 26% Executives expenses $ 59,450 $ 37,857 $ (21,593) - 36% Worker advantage costs $ 132,023 $ 100,460 $ (31,563) - 24% Money Cost $ 70,107 $ 18,523 $ (51,584) - 74% Disability cost $ 12,842,007 $ 12,842,007 100% Protection $ 121,899 $ 114,455 $ (7,444) - 6% Misfortune from Disposal of advantages $ 5,126 $ 80,414 $ 75,288 1469% Maldon working costs $ 451,361 $ 451,361 100% Other working costs $ 171,414 $ 133,192 $ (38,222) - 22% Offers based installments $ 222,876 $ 4,664 $ (218,212) - 98% Offers library charges $ 70,712 $ 36,299 $ (34,413) - 49% Profit per share Essential $ (0.1) $ (0.5) $ (0.4) 400% Weakened $ (0.1) $ (0.5) $ (0.4) 400% The activities of the organization has not begun in full fledge continuously 2015. As result there has been offer of only $24K during the year finished 2015. The pay that has been earned by the organization is significantly for the bank premium, charge credit that has been gotten by the organization during the year. During the most recent year, the organization has earned benefit discounted of advantage adding up to 20K. Being there is no deal made by the organization during the current also in the most recent year, there has been no expense of offer brought about for the organization. Further from the viewpoint of costs for the organization, there has been around 1210% expansion in the costs for the organization during the year. This expansion is significantly determined by extra debilitation of advancement cost brought about during the year adding up to $12 million. This impedance has been accomplished for the extra investigation and improvement cost that the administration of the organization has acquired in the most recent years. During the present year, the organization has brought about misfortunes because of removal of benefits. In the most recent year, the organization picked up at a bargain of advantages which has been changed over into misfortunes in the present year. The organization during the year has made impressive costs on legitimate and consultancy of the organization as evaluators expenses, bookkeeping and tax assessment administrations, Consultancy charges, Company secretarial charges and so forth. Then again, the worker advantage cost of the org anization has expanded by 24% in the present year when contrasted with the most recent year. By and by taking a gander at the present situation of the organization, the organization is making impressive use on the improvement work and subsequently dependent on the equivalent, this consumption has been promoted. In this manner, just constrained cost are been charged off in the benefit and misfortune account. The offer based installments cost of the organization has diminished significantly. In light of the non m

Introduction to Nanotechnology free essay sample

By and large nanotechnology manages structures of the size 100 nanometers or littler in at any rate one measurement, and includes creating materials or gadgets inside that size. Nanotechnology is various, extending from expansions of traditional gadget material science to totally new methodologies dependent on sub-atomic self-gathering, from growing new materials with measurements on the nanoscale to examining whether we can legitimately control matter on the nuclear scale. There has been a lot of discussion on the future ramifications of nanotechnology. Nanotechnology can possibly make numerous new materials and gadgets with an immense scope of uses, for example, in medication, hardware and vitality creation. Then again, nanotechnology raises a considerable lot of indistinguishable issues from with any presentation of new innovation, including worries about the poisonousness and natural effect of nanomaterials, and their latent capacity impacts on worldwide financial matters, just as hypothesis about different doomsday situations. These worries have prompted a discussion among support gatherings and governments on whether unique guideline of nanotechnology is justified. We will compose a custom paper test on Prologue to Nanotechnology or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The main utilization of the ideas found in nano-innovation (yet pre-dating utilization of that name) was in Theres Plenty of Room at the Bottom, a discussion given by physicist Richard Feynman at an American Physical Society meeting at Caltech on December 29, 1959. Feynman depicted a procedure by which the capacity to control singular iotas and atoms may be created, utilizing one lot of exact apparatuses to manufacture and work another relatively littler set, etc down to the required scale. Over the span of this, he noted, scaling issues would emerge from the changing extent of different physical marvels: gravity would turn out to be less significant, surface strain and vander Waals fascination would turn out to be progressively increasingly huge, and so on. Name †Swarnalipi Behera Regd. no †0601211053 Roll. no †106321 Branch †IT 1. Presentation Nanotechnology is a basically current logical field that is continually developing as business and scholastic intrigue keeps on expanding and as new research is introduced to established researchers. The field’s least difficult roots can be followed, but ostensibly, to 1959 however its essential advancement happened in both the eighties and the mid nineties. Notwithstanding explicit logical accomplishments, for example, the innovation of the STM, this early history is above all reflected in the underlying vision of atomic assembling as it is sketched out in three significant works. Generally, a comprehension of advancement and the analysis of this vision is fundamental for fathoming the real factors and capability of nanotechnology today. Nanotechnology, abbreviated to nanotech, is the investigation of the controlling of issue on a nuclear and atomic scale. For the most part nanotechnology manages structures of the size 100 nanometers or littler in any event one measurement, and includes creating materials or gadgets inside that size. Nanotechnology is extremely differing, going from augmentations of customary gadget physical science to totally new methodologies dependent on sub-atomic self-get together, from growing new materials with measurements on the nanoscale to exploring whether we can legitimately control matter on the nuclear scale. There has been a lot of discussion on the future ramifications of nanotechnology. Nanotechnology can possibly make numerous new materials and gadgets with a huge scope of utilizations, for example, in medication, hardware and vitality creation. Then again, nanotechnology raises a significant number of indistinguishable issues from with any presentation of new innovation, including worries about the harmfulness and natural effect of nanomaterials, and their latent capacity impacts on worldwide financial matters, just as theory about different doomsday situations. These worries have prompted a discussion among promotion gatherings and governments on whether exceptional guideline of nanotechnology is justified.

Questions for Your Next One-on-One Meeting

Questions for Your Next One-on-One Meeting One-on-ones might sound like a necessary evil of being a manager, but they actually are an important part of running a successful team. But simply organising meetings is not going to bring fame and fortune for your team. The key to successful meetings often lies in preparation and in asking the right questions.If you want to make the most of your one-on-ones, then here are some of the best questions you can ask at your next meeting. We’ve also outlined the most important elements of running a successful one-on-one and the things you need to avoid.Whether you are a manager or the employee, the below information can help you focus on the right things at your next meeting and to impress your team with your knowledge. © Shutterstock.com | Sergey NivensIn this article, you will learn about 1) the importance of one-on-ones, 2) the elements to make one-on-ones a success, 3) essential questions for one-on-one meetings, 4) things to avoid during one-on-ones, and 5) final thoughts.THE IMPORTANCE OF ONE-ON-ONESOne-on-ones are usually considered a bit of a waste of time and many, employees and managers alike, have bad experiences to share. But that is not because the basic concept of one-on-ones is somehow flawed, but rather because most managers don’t know how to build a successful one-on-one.These little meetings are at their best a team building exercise and something that can save the team from a lot of hassle later on. This is because the short meetings can help the team to solve and focus on these key things:Streamline performance â€" One-on-ones make it easier to correct performance. They guarantee you catch the minor errors in the work and the meetings allow correction of these errors before th e problems turn into bigger issues. They also make it easier to reward the employee, which in itself will help boost team morale.Ensures the team is on the same page â€"In a hectic work environment it is easy to lose sight of the big goal sometimes. One-on-ones make it easier to ensure people are always aware of the priorities and goals, guaranteeing the whole team is working towards the same goal.Builds relationships between the teamâ€"A good work team requires good relationships within the team. Building a relationship is much easier with regular contact with the team members. Successful meetings increase trust and can instantly make it easier to solve difficult situation.Working in a team requires much more than pure focus on the job at hand. As the work environment entails people, it is crucial to ensure each individual is appreciated and noticed. By investing in the wellbeing of the team members, as well as the efficiency of the project, managers make it more likely the employe e also wants to guarantee the company succeeds.THE ELEMENTS TO MAKE ONE-ON-ONES A SUCCESSSince one-on-ones are crucial for the success of the company, how can you guarantee you are doing them the right way? Firstly, understanding the importance of these meetings is already an important step to building a great one-on-one.Secondly, you want to focus on the elements that create a culture of good one-on-ones at the workplace. The below is a collection of these elements and they are a great guideline for any manager looking to add more meaning to one-on-ones.Prepare in advanceDon’t treat one-on-ones as a meeting that just happens. Although the conversation should be relaxed and open to new directions, it doesn’t mean you don’t need to prepare for it.You need to have a list of the most important things you’d like to go through and it’s a good idea to prepare feedback for the employee.Plan enough time for the one-on-one meetingThe meeting should ideally last at least 30 minutes. This ensures the conversation doesn’t feel rushed, but you also don’t want it to be longer than needed.Make sure you organise the one-on-ones when you have enough time at hand. If you or, indeed, the employee feel too stressed with other tasks, it might hinder the effectiveness of the meeting.Let your employee run the one-on-one meetingThe meeting should never be about the manager, but about the employee! Even though you need to prepare for the meeting, you need to ensure the meeting’s focus is on the employee.This highlights to the employee that you, as a manager, truly value their opinion and it ensures the employee also comes prepared for the meeting. So, always tell the employee you want them to run the meeting beforehand!Ask questions and listen to your employeeYou must listen to your employee â€" do not get into a meeting with pre-set mind. Be open to their ideas and ask questions about their experience. This helps you understand the person better and helps build a stro nger relationship.Keep the meetings regularOne-on-ones shouldn’t be an occasional meeting that mostly happens when things aren’t going well in the company. The more regular the meeting, the better the team’s work ethic will be.Hold your meetings regularly and don’t get into the habit of cancelling them! You don’t want the employees to feel the meetings aren’t important.Total dedication and presence during the meetingToday’s workplace can be quite hectic, but the dangers of multitasking are becoming more evident. When you are holding a one-on-one, make sure you dedicate all of your time and focus to the meeting. Don’t answer the phone or check your e-mails while you are at the meeting!Don’t forget notes or follow-throughsRemember to use the one-on-one as an opportunity to improve the company and the team spirit. Always take notes of what the employee is telling you to ensure you can check if the ideas are worth implementing.In addition, don’t forget to send an e-m ail or other such note about the meeting to your employee. This can be a compilation of the points discussed at the meeting and ideas for the next meeting.Make the employee the priority of the meetingAbove all, the employee needs to be the priority of the meeting. The one-on-one isn’t about your company or the goal at hand, it is about helping the employee to succeed. If your employee succeeds, your company will succeed.Finally, the below YouTube video is a great introduction to organising successful meetings. THE ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS FOR ONE-ON-ONE MEETINGNot all questions are alike and you don’t want to use the precious time for asking the wrong questions. If you want to make the most of the meeting, you need to know what are the key questions to ask.Since both managers and employees should be asking questions at the meeting, we’ve split this section in to two. You can find the best questions for both managers and employees.1) What should the manager be asking?The following a re some example questions a manager should be asking at one-on-ones:What would you like to focus on at this meeting?As mentioned above, you want the employee to lead the conversation and so it is a good idea to ask the above question. It helps to kick start the conversation and you can focus your own follow-up questions accordingly.How did last week go? What did you learn during last week?You want to ask about the employee’s workweek to make sure you see how well they are doing. Their answer can tell you a lot about the way they prepare for the work and point out any problems they might have.You also want your employees to be constantly improving their skills and asking about what new they have learned can help you streamline your management style as well to support their development.How are you preparing for the week ahead?As well as asking about what the employee has done, you also want to focus on the future. Ask about their plans and give tips if they seem lost.What has inspir ed and motivated you in the past week?Keep asking about the employee’s inspiration and motivation. This can help you ensure your employees feel motivated and rewarded.What are your biggest concerns at the moment? How would you solve them?Make sure you also focus on the problematic areas of the work or the specific project. You also want to find out what your employee would do to solve the situation.If you could change one thing, what would it be?This doesn’t necessarily even need to be about the workplace or the project. The answer can give you great insight into the employee’s personality and focus.What would you like me to help you with the most?With this question, you can make your employee feel more appreciated. It tells them you have not let them to their own devices and the question can help you ensure your team members stay motivated.Does the work you do meet your expectations? If not, why?Your employee had a reason to seek employment with your company and you want to m ake sure you know what drove them to the position. Continue to keep asking whether they are satisfied with the position and the career and how you can ensure they stay happy.How are you doing outside work?Naturally, you need to also ask about their personal life. Once you get to know the person more, you can ask more direct questions like “How are the kids?” and “What did you do with your partner during the weekend?” Just ensure you don’t sound intrusive and don’t push the employee to talk about things they don’t want.What should the employee be asking?But the manager shouldn’t be the only one asking questions. In order to make the most of the meetings, it’s crucial the employee also asks the tough questions.What are the key goals for you?By understanding your manager’s goals, you can better focus on the right aspects in your own work. It is important that you are both aware of each other’s goals and dreams in the workplace.How would you like me to improve my w ork?As well as giving your own insight into improving your work, you also want to know what your manager thinks. Your manager might be able to point out things to you that you wouldn’t necessarily pick up yourself.Do I continue to meet the company’s expectations?You were most likely picked as the preferred candidate from a group of other people seeking employment and you want to know what made the company hire you. Keep asking questions that tell you whether you are still meeting these expectations and what the company would want from you in the future.What can I be accountable for the next time we talk?You want your manager to provide you tasks and goals. Take the initiative to ask about these instead of just assuming to know what they are.How could I help the team this week?You also want to make sure to ask about your role and responsibilities within the bigger team. It’s a good idea to let your manager know you can help him or her deal with tricky situations and to help ens ure every member in the team is doing their job correctly.What challenge could I take to better my career?You should also be aware of the career path your manager has taken and ask his or her insight into how you can improve yours. Your manager might be able to help you find challenges that give your career more focus and perhaps even help you find a position that better suits your ambitions.How could you help me solve this problem?If you have a problem at work, instead of just blurting it out, ask your manager for insights. This will make the issue seem like an obstacle you want to overcome rather than just a whine about the situation.How are you doing?Finally, you should also be interested in your manager’s personal life. Don’t forget to ask about his or her personal activities and goals, as this makes you both feel more at ease together.THE THINGS TO AVOID DURING ONE-ON-ONEFinally, it is important to understand some of the most common pitfalls managers make when it comes to o rganising one-on-ones. Like with many things in life, it sometimes helps to be aware of the things you need to avoid, as well as the things you should be doing.The below points are common mistakes managers make in the meetings, so don’t be too harsh on yourself if you recognise yourself from the points. Just be sure the next meeting you organise won’t be filled with these mishaps.Treating it like an interviewOne-on-one meetings aren’t an interview but rather a conversation. Although you need to ask questions, especially the ones mentioned above, you shouldn’t just make it a question-answer-question kind of situation.Use the questions as a way to engage in a meaningful conversation and one where ideas are born and new thoughts come to life. Let the questions direct the conversation, but not be the sole purpose of it.Furthermore, you need to be careful to avoid following a similar pattern each week or repeatedly asking the same questions. While you need to know how the project is going along, don’t always ask, “So how’s the project going along?”Solely focusing on the businessBusiness here doesn’t just mean the company, but rather aspects of the professional life. Don’t make the meeting only about what is going on in terms of work life, but balance it with personal issues.It’s impossible to completely remove your personal life from your job and therefore you want to be aware of things the employee is going through outside of work. It doesn’t need to get into any detail, but you want to be aware of the personal aspect of the employee’s life as well.Using it as an ego boostThe meeting isn’t about the bragging rights within a team. You shouldn’t ever make it about you as a manager or the company. One-on-ones shouldn’t just be an ego boost for either the manager or the employee, but rather a meeting to discuss the positives and negatives of the project.Furthermore, while talking about your personal lives can help bridge the gap between the two of you and build your relationship further, make sure the conversation isn’t one-sided. Don’t make it all about your own weekend trips!Too rash follow-up judgementsAs mentioned above, you should always follow-up the points discussed at the meeting. But don’t be too quick with the follow-ups in terms of judgement. If you immediately give feedback on the ideas, you are more likely to say ‘no’ to them. On the other hand, you also don’t want to agree with an idea, no matter how good it sounds, without carefully thinking it through.Whether or not you agree with the idea, you need to make sure you justify your reasoning later on. Sometimes you could even continue the conversation at a next meeting, once both of you have brainstormed the idea further.FINAL THOUGHTSOne-on-ones can enhance the way the team operates and help the business flourish. But they are also a great way to learn more about yourself and the work you do. It is, therefore, important to pay attention t o what goes on in the meeting and learn from the feedback you give and receive.A good one-on-one question is always focused on improvement and enhancing your skillset. Don’t treat the meeting as an unavoidable aspect of your job, but rather as an opportunity to improve your own career and help your company to succeed.

William Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet - 1587 Words

Romeo Montague shows throughout the story that he s independent, energetic, and compassionate, traits that match up well with an ENFP. ENFPs are known to be energetic and enthusiastic, excellent, communicators, and very popular and friendly, but have poor practical skills, overthink things and are very highly emotional. Romeo shows his energy and enthusiasm when it comes to marrying Juliet (he s quite gloomy during the rest of the play.) Romeo. That last is true; the sweeter rest was mine. Friar Laurence. God pardon sin! wast thou with Rosaline? Romeo. With Rosaline, my ghostly father? no; 1105 I have forgot that name, and that name s woe. Friar Laurence. That s my good son: but where hast thou been, then? Romeo. I ll tell thee, ere thou ask it me again. I have been feasting with mine enemy, Where on a sudden one hath wounded me, 1110 That s by me wounded: both our remedies Within thy help and holy physic lies: I bear no hatred, blessed man, for, lo, My intercession likewise steads my foe. Friar Laurence. Be plain, good son, and homely in thy drift; 1115 Riddling confession finds but riddling shrift. Romeo. Then plainly know my heart s dear love is set On the fair daughter of rich Capulet: As mine on hers, so hers is set on mine; And all combined, save what thou must combine 1120 By holy marriage: when and where and how We met, we woo d and made exchange of vow, I ll tell thee as we pass; but this I pray, ThatShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1287 Words   |  6 PagesLizzy Baginski English Composition 2 Mr. Spera March 10, 2015 Romeo and Juliet Research Paper The movie Romeo and Juliet is a modern classic film that took place in 1996. Overall this is a timeless story that everyone should go and watch. This movie has an intriguing plot line that tells the story of two feuding families, The Montagues and The Capulets, and how the children of these two different families fall in love. The two children overcome various obstacles such as hiding their chemistry fromRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet 966 Words   |  4 Pages Beauty Over Gold â€Å"Beauty provoketh thieves sooner than gold.--William Shakespeare, 1623. In his book As You Like It, William Shakespeare pointed out the supremacy of love rather than the want of gold and wealth. Truly, beauty is more important to thieves than wealth. Many of the thieves in this world would rather have an elegant woman than to obtain precious rubies. After all, what good is a prosperous man if he doesn’t have a charming woman? Two famous men grab my attention who didn’t fear forRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet Essay1024 Words   |  5 PagesRomeo and Juliet is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare early in his career about two young star-crossed lovers whose deaths ultimately reconcile their feuding families. It was among Shakespeare s most popular plays during his lifetime and, along with Hamlet, is one of his most frequently performed plays. Today, the title characters are regarded as archetypal young lovers. Romeo and Juliet belongs to a tradition of tragic romances stretching back to antiquity. The plot is based on an ItalianRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1124 Words   |  5 PagesThe play Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare early in his career about two young star-crossed lovers whose deaths ultimately reconcile their feuding families. 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Throughout the play, their actions show how ridiculous love is, and how it is a danger to anyone who become twisted in its choking grasp. However, in the death of the youth and survival of the elders, an alternative explanation for the tragic events may be found. Although Shakespeare seems to be mocking love throughout the play, itRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1279 Words   |  6 Pagesour lives. The great, classic writers teach timeless, valuable life skills. Shakespeare was the greatest writer of all time. His writings mainly consisted of dramas and sonnets. Romeo and Juliet, as well as, A MIdsummer Night’s Dream were written about the same time period. He was able to inter relate everything that wrote. For example, the tale of Pyramus and Thisbe could possibly be an advertisement for Romeo and Juliet. The basic structure of the two dramas is the same; two forbidden lovers meet

The Is The Choice For The Welfare Of All - 1919 Words

In an ideal world, democracy would stand as the preferable choice for the welfare of all. However, in the real world, this is not always the case. Today, the term dictatorship typically yields a negative connotation. Many associate this term with a ruler acting in force and in self-interest, with the governed body suffering as a result. On the contrary, the term democracy typically yields a positive connotation and evokes positive emotion. When evaluating these terms with respect to the philosophical concepts of consequentialism, utility and Immanuel Kant’s motto, Sapere aude (Dare to Know), a new light is shed on the true significance of these terms. Utilitarianism is defined as the doctrine that an action is right insofar as it promotes happiness, and that the greatest happiness of the greatest number should be the guiding principle of conduct (Utilitarianism, Act And Rule | Internet Encyclopedia Of Philosophy). Although democracies have typically been viewed as the more ci vilized approach to government, consequentialism proves that dictatorships can in fact provide a governed body with a higher degree of welfare, as long as the doctrine of utility is exercised for all. There is nothing fundamentally wrong with total power if it was granted through a fair process of unanimous consent and the governed body is content. While the only dictators many people know about are those of suppressive style, such as North Korea under Kim Jong Un, it is possible for ethics andShow MoreRelatedPersonal Responsibility And Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act1624 Words   |  7 PagesTeenage pregnancy may not be one of the bigger issues of the world, like war or drug abuse, but it still holds credibility. It also does not have a high declining rate. All of the world teenagers still get pregnant, whether it be by a small or high percentage, and the government has no way to stop it. However, the government can control what happens afterwards, when the baby is born. Obvio usly, teens would have trouble in raising a baby on their own because they are not yet adults so they need bothRead MoreShould Vaccinations Be Mandatory And That No One Should Be Exempt Based On Personal Belief?919 Words   |  4 Pagesthrough the benefit for the common good of society, the harm principle and its welfare baseline. Opel and Diekema (2012) are still on the offence about mandating vaccines because they believe that it disrespects parental autonomy and their ability to make a decision for their child. 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The Chicago Tribune was the first to refer to Taylor as being a â€Å"welfare queen.† Media and politics stereotyped the â€Å"welfare queen† as a black woman who takes advantages of taxpayers and the systemRead MoreRational Fools : A Critique Of The Behavioral Foundations Of Economic Theory1260 Words   |  6 Pagesviewpoint is persistently used in economic models, ironically Edgeworth himself did not even believe the first principle of economics to be completely true. So Zen raises the question as to why he spent so much time pushin g this assertion and how Rational Choice Theory, in general, may be flawed in several ways. Edgeworth eventually developed a method using economic calculus to better understand and quantify self-interest. As it turns out, he did not think the 1st principle of economics was a very good assumptionRead MoreThe Importance Of Child Welfare931 Words   |  4 PagesIn my opinion, child welfare is one of the most prevalent issues in social work today. 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The participants were all randomly assigned, and half of them would receive the New Hope benefits while the other half served asRead MoreThe Issue Of Welfare Spending Essay915 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction The purpose of my research is to discern how welfare spending, healthcare spending, defence spending, and pension spending impacted vote choice in the 2013 Australian election in comparison to the 2012 United States election, 2013 German election, and 2012 France election. I expect that as support for welfare spending, pension spending, and healthcare spending, decreases, support for right wing parties will increase. I expect that there will be a positive effect on voting for right

Nursing Jurisprudence Free Essays

string(65) " professional standards and legally authorized scope of nursing\." LEGAL ETHICAL issues in Nursing Nursing Etiquette concerned with moral principle governing the conduct of nurses towards patients, physicians, colleagues, the nursing profession and public Ethics part of philosophy that deals with systematic approaches to questions of morality a term for the study of how we make judgments regarding right and wrong a system of MORAL PRINCIPLES or moral standards governing conduct Moral human conduct in the application of ethics Concerned with JUDGMENT PRINCIPLES of right and wrong in relation to human actions and character Determinants of the Morality of Human Act †¢The OBJECT †¢The END †¢The CIRCUMSTANCES Ethical Principles Ethical Principles: INVIOLABILITY OF LIFE All human life, from the moment of conception and through all subsequent stages, is SACRED! No one can violate or destroy life! 8 ETHICAL DILEMMAS 1. 2. 3. We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing Jurisprudence or any similar topic only for you Order Now 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION IN VITRO FERTILIZATION HUMAN CLONING CONTRACEPTION ABORTION EUTHANASIA PHYSICIAN ASSISTED SUICIDE HUMAN TRANSPLANTATION 9 Argument favoring Euthanasia: compassion for the patient and shortening the period of suffering of the patient Argument disapproving Euthanasia: it is intrinsically wrong since it rejects life. 10 STEWARDSHIP Man has DOMINION over God’s creation: himself (life and health), creatures and environment One should reasonably, responsibly and respectfully benefit from them for service NOT domination TOTALITY Parts are integral, destined to be part of and subordinate to a whole SOLIDARITY One to be with others; to have a unity of interest, responsibility or goal. Based on the common good, love of neighbor, preferential for the most proximate and most need SUBSIDIARITY Every creature should be entrusted with the functions he is capable of performing. It relates to human dignity and recognize persons as free and responsible agents able to care and make decisions for them AUTONOMY – Self Governance/Self Rule – Having the freedom to make choices 4 Basic Elements of Autonomy 1. Respect for Autonomous Person 2. Ability to determine personal goals 3. Capacity to decide 4. Has Freedom to Act CONFIDENTIALITY Requires non-disclosure of private or secret information Confidentiality of Information ? Privileged communication ? Based on trust Revealed when: a. The patient permits such revelation. b. Medico-legal cases/legal proceedings c. Communicable disease /public safety may be jeopardized. d. Continuity of care JUSTICE – refers to the obligation to be fair to other people. Types: 1. distributive justice- fair distribution of responsibilities 2. criminal justice- penalty proportionate to crime 3. rectificatory justice- just compensation in civil law Distributive Justice To each equally. To each according to need. To each according to merit. To each according to person’s right. To each according to individual effort. To each as you would have done by. To each according to the greatest good to a greater number Double Effect Principle When an act has both good and bad effects, it is permissible if: 1) The direct freely chosen effect is morally good and the indirect foreseen but not desired may be harmful, 2) The action/object must not be evil, 3) The foreseen beneficial effect must be greater or equal to the foreseen evil effect 4) The beneficial effect must follow directly from the action or at least as immediate as the harmful effect BENEFICENCE- means to do good and not to do harm. NON- MALEFICENCE- one ought not to inflict evil or harm. 22 FIDELITY- refers to the obligation to be faithful to the agreements, commitments and responsibilities that one has made to oneself and others VERACITY- refers to telling the truth or not intentionally deceiving or misleading patients 23 RESPECT- treat all human beings as persons with rights SHARING AND ALLOCATION OF RESOURCESwho will receive particular scarce resources. 24 NURSING ETHICS ? All principles of right conduct in the practice of nursing ? Appraisal of rightness or wrongness of an act BIO–ETHICS Specific domain of ethics †¢ Systemic study of human behavior in the field of life science and health care in the light of moral values and principles Code of Nursing Ethics †¢ respect for human dignity †¢ safeguards the client’s right to privacy †¢ safeguard client and public †¢ assumes responsibility and accountability for own actions and judgments †¢ maintains competence in nur sing †¢ uses informed judgment, competence and qualifications in accepting responsibilities and delegating nursing activities †¢ Contributes to the development of the profession’s body of knowledge implement and improve standards of care †¢ establish and maintain conditions of employment conducive to high-quality nursing care †¢ protect the public from misinformation and misrepresentation and to maintain the integrity of nursing †¢ In collaboration with other allied health team members, meet the health care needs of the public Patient’s Bill of Rights The patient has the right to: 1) considerate and respectful care. 2) relevant, current, and understandable information concerning diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. ) make decisions regarding his plan of care; in case of refusal, he is entitled to other appropriate care and service or to be transferred to another hospital. 4) Have advance directive (such as living will) concerning treatment or d esignating a surrogate decision maker. 5) Every consideration of his privacy such as in case discussion, consultation and treatment. 6) Confidentiality of communication and records 7) Review his records concerning his medical care and have these explained to him except when restricted by law. ) Expect that within its capacity and policies, a hospital will make reasonable response to the request of a patient for appropriate and medically indicated care and services. 9) Be informed of business relationship among hospital, educational institution, health care providers that may influence the patient’s treatment and care. 10) Consent or decline to participate in experimental research affecting his care. 11) Reasonable continuity of care when appropriate and be informed of other care options when hospital care is no longer appropriate 12) Be informed of hospital policies and practices that relate to patient care. Nurse’s Bill of Rights Nurse’s have the right to: 1) Practice in a manner that fulfills their obligation to the society and to those who receive nursing care. 2) Practice in environments that allow them to act in accordance with professional standards and legally authorized scope of nursing. You read "Nursing Jurisprudence" in category "Essay examples" 3) Work environment that supports and facilitates ethical practice 4) Freely and openly advocate for themselves and their patients without fear of retribution. 5. Fair compensation for their work consistent with their knowledge, experience, and professional responsibilities. 6. Work environment that is safe for themselves and their patients. 7. Negotiate conditions of employment, in all practice settings. LEGAL ASPECTS OF NURSING Nursing Jurisprudence the philosophy of law, or the science which treats the principles of positive law and legal relations Comprises all laws, rules, doctrines and principles, legal opinions and decisions of competent authority regarding governance and regulations of the practice of nursing. Functions of the Law in Nursing 1. Provides a framework for establishing what nursing actions in the care of patients are legal. . Delineates the nurse’s responsibilities from those of other health practitioners 3. Helps to establish the boundaries of independent nursing action 4. Assists in maintaining a standard of nursing practice by making nurses accountable under the law. Philippine Nursing Law Philippine Nursing Act of 2002 R. A. 9173 (October 21, 2002/ November 20, 2002) regulates Philippine nursing practice at present. The law p rovides about nursing registration, nursing examination, nursing education, nursing practice, and health human resource production, utilization and development. It is made up of 19 articles and 41 sections. Prohibitions in Practice of Nursing (Section 35) PENALTY: Fine: a. b. c. d. e. f. g. Php50,000- Php100,000 and/or Imprisonment 1- 6 years practice nursing without certificate or special permit use the certificate of others as his own use an invalid certificate give false evidence during registration falsely pose or advertise as a registered nurse illegally append BSN/RN to his/her name abet or assist the illegal practice of a person who is not lawfully qualified to practice nursing NEGLIGENCE Commission or omission of an act, pursuant to a duty, that a reasonably prudent person in the same or similar circumstance would or would not do, and acting or the non-acting of which is the proximate cause of injury to another person or his property Elements of Professional Negligence †¢ Duty †¢ Breach of duty †¢ Foreseeability †¢ Injury †¢ Direct relationship between failure to meet standard of care and injury can be proved Res Ipsa Loquitor â€Å"the thing speaks for itself† 3 conditions: 1. Accident which ordinarily doesn’t occur in the absence of someone’s negligence 2. Must be caused by an agency or within the exclusive control of the defendant 3. Must not have been due to voluntary action or contribution on the part of the plaintiff Specific Examples of Negligence †¢ Failure to report observations to attending physicians. †¢ Failure to exercise the degree of diligence which the circumstances of the particular case demands. †¢ Mistaken identity. †¢ Wrong medicine, wrong concentration, wrong route, wrong dose. Defects in the equipment such as stretchers and wheelchairs may lead to falls thus injuring the patients. †¢ Errors due to family assistance. †¢ Administration of medicine without a doctor’s prescription. Legal Defense in Negligence †¢ Provision of standard of care in giving service and that they have documented the care they given in a concise and accurate manner. †¢ Exercise sound judgment †¢ â⠂¬Å"assumption of risk† MALPRACTICE Stepping beyond one’s authority with serious consequences Reducing The Risk of Malpractice Litigation †¢ Maintain Good Communication Be courteous, show respect, and take time to listen – Do not belittle patients or make value judgment – Involve patients in decision making – Assess clients level of understanding – Explain so client understand – Clarify and verify Reducing The Risk of Malpractice Litigation †¢ Maintain Expertise in Practice – Keep up to date in both knowledge and skills – Do not attempt any task or give any meds that is unfamiliar – Practice within the professional scope of practice – Be familiar with standards of care – Be attentive of client’s changing status – Pay close attention to details – Document objectively, thoroughly and in a timely fashion Reducing The Risk of Malpractice Litigation †¢ Maintain autonomy and empowerment – Challenge questionable physician order – Seek attention for patient with changing needs – Challenge bureaucratic structures that threaten patient’s welfare – Avoid institutional settings that produce systematic threats to patient welfare Respondeat Superior †¢ Let the superior answer for the acts of the subordinate †¢ Master and servant are answerable; servant is responsible †¢ Actions performed by the employee within the scope of his employment. Force Majeure â€Å"irresistible/ superior force† †¢ Accident which human prudence can neither foresee or prevent †¢ â€Å"Act of God† Liability of Nurses †¢ Work of Nursing Aides †¢ Work of Nursing Students Delegation A process of transferring selected Nursing tasks to an individual who is competent. Any nursing intervention that requires independent special nursing knowl edge, skill or judgment CANNOT be delegated. Tasks that involve the assessment, planning and evaluation phases of the nursing process cannot be delegated. Delegation involves: †¢ Responsibility: an obligation to accomplish a task Accountability: acceptance of responsibility for the outcome of a duty †¢ Authority: right to act or empower Principles of delegation †¢ A nurse can only delegate those tasks for which that nurse is responsible, according to the specific state’s nurse practice act The delegator remains accountable for the task Along with responsibility for a task, the nurse who delegates must also transfer the authority necessary to complete the task The delegator knows well the task to be delegated Delegation is a contractual agreement that is entered into voluntarily †¢ †¢ †¢ Telephone Orders †¢ Only in an extreme emergency and when no other resident or intern is available. †¢ Nurse should read back the order to the physician . †¢ Signed by the physician within 24 hours. †¢ Nurse should sign the name of physician per her own and note the time the order was received. CONSENT CONSENT †¢ Free and rational act that presupposes knowledge of the thing to which consent is being given by a person who is legally capable to give consent. †¢ Authorization, by a patient or a person authorized by law to give the consent on the patient’s behalf. Informed Consent a) The diagnosis and explanation of the condition. b) A fair explanation of the procedures to be done and used and the consequences. c) A description of alternative treatments or procedures. d) A description of the benefits to be expected. e) Material rights if any. f) The prognosis. Things to Remember: †¢ Patient is the one who gives the consent. †¢ Person who is authorized to give the consent in behalf of the patient. †¢ Parents of minors. †¢ Minors are allowed if emancipated or married. †¢ Parents or legal guardians for mentally ill patients. Emergency situation entails implied consent. †¢ Patient has the right to refuse. MEDICAL RECORDS ? Legal protection for the hospital, doctor, and nurse ? â€Å"If it was not charted, it was not observed or done. † ? Nurses are expected to fully, accurately, legibly, and promptly document their observations. ? Subpoena duces tecum ? When a nurse or clinical instructor countersigns the chart ing of a nursing student, he/she attests that he/she has personal knowledge of information and that such is accurate and authentic. CRIME ?An act committed or omitted in violation of the law. Elements: a)Criminal act b)Evil/criminal intent TORTS ?A legal wrong, committed against a person or property. 1. Assault and Battery 2. False Imprisonment or Illegal Detention 3. Invasion of Right to Privacy and Breach of Confidentiality 4. Defamation Criminal Actions a. Misdemeanor †¢ †¢ General name for a criminal offense which does not amount to felony Punishment is usually a fine or imprisonment less than 1 year. b. Felony †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Public offense Liable to be sentenced to death or penitentiary imprisonment. Deceit (dolo) ? deliberate intent Fault (culpa)? rongful acts result from imprudence , negligence, or lack of skill or foresight Classes of Felonies Degree of the Acts of Execution Attempted †¦offender commences the commission of the act and does not perform all the acts or execution by reason of some cause or accident other than his own spontaneous desistance Frustrated Consummated †¦offender performs all †¦when all the elements acts or execution of felony necessary for its execution but never produce it and accomplishment are because of causes present independent of the will of the perpetrator Degree of Punishment Grave Less Grave Light capital punishment (death) or penalties which any of their periods are afflictive (imprisonment ranging from 6 yrs to 1 day to life improsnment or a fine not exceeding P6000. 00) †¦penalties which in †¦penalty of arresto their maximum period menor (imprisonment are correctional for 1 day to 30 days or a (imprisonment ranging fine not exceeding from 1 month and 1 day P200. 00 or both to 30 days or a fine not exceeding P6000. 00 but not less than P200. 00) CRIMINAL NEGLIGENCE a. Reckless Imprudence †¢ Person does an act or fails to do it voluntarily but without malice, f rom which material damage results immediately. Person did not use precaution and the damage was not immediate or the impending danger was not evident b. Simple Imprudence †¢ CRIMINAL INTENT †¢ State of mind of a person at the time the criminal act is committed †¢ Knowledge that the act was unlawful Requisites: †¢ There must be FREEDOM †¢ There must be INTELLIGENCE Requisites of Criminal Intent Freedom Intelligence Freedom is absent in the 1. An imbecile or insane (unless following circumstances: acting during lucid of 1. Under compulsion of an interval). irresistible force. 2. Under nine years old. 2. Under the impulse of 3. Over nine under fifteen uncontrollable fear or an equal (unless he had acted with or greater injury. discernment). Persons Criminally Liable Principals †¢Those who take direct part in the execution of the act (principal by direct participation) †¢Those who directly force or induce others to commit it (principal by inducement) †¢Those who cooperate in the commission of the offense by another act without which it would not have been accomplished (principal by cooperation) Accomplices †¢The person who have a common criminal purpose with the criminal. †¢Have the intention to help and knowledge about the crime. Accessories †¢Have the knowledge but did not participate in the act. a. By profiting themselves. b. By concealing or destroying body of the crime, or instrument thereof, in order to prevent its discovery. c. By harboring, concealing or assisting in escape of the principal. Circumstances Affecting Criminal Liability JUSTIFYING ? Does not commit crime in the eye of the law a. In defense of his person or rights b. In defense of the rights of his family c. In order to avoid an evil or injury d. In the fulfillment of a duty e. In obedience to an order by some superior for some lawful purposes EXEMPTING ? There is crime committed but there is no criminal on account of absence of freewill and voluntariness to act. a. An imbecile or insane (unless acted on lucid interval) b. Under 9 yrs c. Over 9 and under 15 (unless acted on discernment) d. While performing a lawful act with due care, cause an injury by mere accident without fault or intention of causing it e. Act under the compulsion of an irresistible force f. Acts under impulse of uncontrollable fear of an equal injury g. Who fails to perform an act required by law, when prevented by some lawful or insuperable cause. MITIGATING ? which lessen the penalty a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. Under 18 or over 70 yrs old No intention to commit so grave There was sufficient provocation Acted on impulse so powerful to have produced obfuscation Voluntarily surrendered Deaf or dumb, blind or suffering from defect. Illness that diminish will power Immediate vindication of grave offense to the one committing the felony, his/her spouse, ascend ants, descendants, legitimate, natural or adopted brothers or sisters, or relative by affinity within the first degree Lack of education is not Mitigating in: 1. Rape 2. Forcible abduction 3. Arson 4. Treason 5. In crimes against chastity like seduction and acts of lasciviousness; and 6. Those acts committed in a merciless or heinous manner AGGRAVATING ? †¦which increases the penalty a. Public position b. In contempt of public authority c. Committed with insult or in disregard of the respect of the offended party on account of his/her rank, age, or sex or that it is committed in the dwelling of the offended party, if the latter has not given provocation d. With abuse or confidence or obvious ungratefulness e. in a place of worship f. Conflagration, shipwreck, earthquake, epidemic or other calamity or misfortune g. Price, reward, or promise h. Committed by means of fire, poison, explosion, i. With evident premeditation or after unlawful entry j. Craft, fraud, or disguise is employed k. Causing other wrongs not necessary for its commission ? ALTERNATIVE ? Those which must be taken into consideration as aggravating or mitigating according to the nature effects of the crime and other conditions attending its commission ? Alternative circumstance of relationship should be taken into consideration Points to Observe in Order to Avoid Criminal Liability a. Be very familiar with the nursing law. b. Beware of the laws affecting nursing practice. . At the start of employment, get a copy of your job description, the agency’s rules, regulations and policies. d. Upgrade your skills and competence. e. Accept only such responsibility that is within the scope of your employment and your job description. f. Do not delegate your responsibility to others. g. Determine whether your subordinates are competen t in the work you are assigning them. h. Develop good interpersonal relationships with your coworkers, whether they be your supervisors, peers or subordinates. i. Consult your superiors for problems that may be too big for you to handle. . Verify orders that are not clear to you or those that seem to be erroneous. k. The doctors should be informed about the patient’s condition. l. Keep in mind the value and necessity of keeping accurate and adequate records. m. Patients are entitled to an informed consent. Moral Turpitude An act of baseness, vileness or depravity in social or private duties which a man owes to hi fellow man or society in general, an act contrary to the accepted and customary rule of right and duty between men Murder ? Unlawful killing a human being WITH INTENT to kill. ? A very serious crime Ex. Criminal Abortion Euthanasia Homicide ? Killing of a human being WITHOUT CRIMAL INTENT by a person other than his father, mother or child or any of his ascendants or descendants, or his spouse Abortion ? Expulsion of the product of conceptus before the age of viability ? In the law, any person who, with the intention pr prematurely ending a pregnancy, willfully and unlawfully does any act to cause the same is guilty of procuring abortion ? Art. II Sec. 15 of Phil. Constitution protects the life of the unborn Infanticide ? Killing of a child less than three (3) days of age ? Mother who committed this crime shall be imprisoned for two (2) years, four (4) months and one (1) day to six (6) years Parricide ? Crime committed by one who kills his/her father, mother or child whether legitimate or illegitimate, or any of his ascedants or descedants or his spouse. ? Convicted with this crime, shall be imposed a penalty of life imprisonment (Reclusion Perpetua) to death Robbery ? Crime against a person or property ? The taking of personal property of another person from him or in his presence Common Legal Terms R. Ns should know Affidavit – is a written statement made under oath efore a notary public or other person duly authorized Civil Law – concerned with legal rights and duties of private persons Criminal Law – deals with conduct that is considered to be offensive to a society as a whole Day in Court – the right of a person to appear in court and be heard concerning his complaint/defense Defendant – the person being accused o f wrongdoing; therefore needs to defend himself Deposition – an oral interrogation answering all manner of questions relating to the transaction at issue, given under oath and taken in writing before a judicial officer or attorney How to cite Nursing Jurisprudence, Essay examples

The uses of literacy Essay Thesis Example For Students

The uses of literacy Essay Thesis The Uses of Literacy was written before the rise of popular music and the massive growth in television. The rise of these media has led to new popular cultural icons, such as soap operas and S Club 7; these it could be argued all lend credence to Hoggarts arguments. Support also comes from Barker who states, In all the emphasis on Societys vertical divisions, remember the tremendous horizontal impact of mass culture. However rich or poor you are, you can only drink the same Coca-Cola, eat the same McDonalds cheeseburger. 11 Mass culture is about material goods, these roll off the production line to an eager audience. We will write a custom essay on The uses of literacy Thesis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now An audience that Hoggart would argue is being primed and lead by the mass media. It is hard using twenty-first century eyes to feel any loss for some of the world Hoggart describes, a world of cramped housing, of living financially from day-to-day, a working class world of limited opportunity. In our modern, clean and shiny shopping mall world, the life of the working class has in the material sense improved hugely. However, has something been lost along the way? Taylor states, You are left with a feeling that we have lost quite as much as we have gained from the wholesale obliteration of past English life. 12 It is a pessimistic, a Hoggartist view of the damage caused by mass culture. However, for all this it is possible that culture can start from the street uninfluenced from the forces above; the everyday use of the English language where sayings and words are regularly added to the dictionaries, generally years after their inception; the rise of rebellious music styles (for example Punk or Garage); these are eventually assimilated into mass culture having their spiky edges smoothed, but it shows that real popular culture can still exist amongst the Macdonald and Pepsi world. It is Taylor who has a more upbeat and confident view than Hoggart when he states, Curiously enough, it is still possible to live a substantial part of your life beyond the stultifying embrace of mass culture. 13 It is a view that shows some optimism, I suspect that Richard Hoggart would not agree. Word count 1001 Bibliography. Barker, P. Whos Afraid of The Class System? New Statesman No 610 (19 June 2000), 25-27. Hoggart, R. The Uses of Literacy. (4th Ed London: Penguin, 1992) Mulhern, F.The Present Lasts A Long Time. (Cork: Cork University Press, 1998) Strong, R. The Story of Britain A Peoples History. (London: Penguin, 1996) Taylor, D. J. Whatever Happened To Popular Culture? New Statesman No 715(16 July 2002), 27-30. 1 Hoggart, Richard. The Uses of Literacy (London: Penguin 1992) p384 2 Taylor, D. J, Whatever happened to popular culture? New statesman no 715 (16 July 2002), 28 3 Mulhern, Francis. The Present Lasts a Long Time. (Cork: Cork University Press 1998) p120. 4 Mulhern. E present. p122 5 Hoggart, S, The Uses Of Literacy, p386 6 Hoggart, S, The Uses of Literacy, p95 7 Strong, Roy. The Story of Britain A peoples History. (London: Pimlico 1996) p507 8 Strong, R. The Story of Britain, p507 9 Taylor, D. J. Whatever Happened, 28 10 Taylor, D. J. Whatever Happened, 28 11 Barker, Paul, Whos afraid of the class system? New Statesman no. 610(19 Jun 2000) 27 12 Taylor, D. J. Whatever Happened, 29 13 Taylor, D. J. Whatever Happened, p29.